A transistor is basically a current amplifier that increase the current.
For example, the christmas tree light requires more current and the arduino board can provide, so we use a transistor to increase the current and light it up.
Using two transistor to amplify the current twice is called Darlington, which can also be achieved by using a TIP 120 transistor. An important thing to notice is that the order of base, collector, and emitter is different on a TIP 120 transistor.


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